How does modern medicine explain the Donguibogam's view that blood and water are deeply connected? Today, medical science distinguishes between blood within the vessels and fluid such as extracellular fluid and lymph, yet it continually confirms how closely these systems interact.
Edema, which we recognize as swelling, occurs when fluid collects excessively in the spaces between cells, known as interstitial fluid. This fluid forms when plasma filters through capillaries to nourish tissues and collect metabolic waste. A healthy body reabsorbs this interstitial fluid back into the veins and lymphatic vessels to maintain balance, functioning like a system that continuously clears and refreshes fluid.
When circulation is impaired, this balance is disrupted. For example, if the heart cannot pump blood efficiently, as seen in heart failure, or if the valves in the veins weaken and blood struggles to return from the legs to the heart, known as chronic venous insufficiency, pressure rises inside the vessels. This increased pressure forces excess fluid out of the capillaries. Additionally, when protein levels in the blood drop, a condition called hypoalbuminemia, the osmotic pressure that pulls fluid back into the vessels decreases, leading to edema. This reflects the Donguibogam's observation that fluid overflows when blood becomes deficient.
Furthermore, when lymphatic vessels are damaged or obstructed, fluid fails to drain properly, resulting in lymphedema. Temporary swelling from standing or sitting for long stretches happens because gravity slows down circulation. Edema can also occur when kidney function declines and the body cannot properly excrete water and sodium, or when the thyroid gland is underactive.
Just as the Donguibogam emphasized that blood and fluid depend on proper flow, modern medicine confirms that healthy circulation of blood and lymph is essential for fluid balance. Rather than overlooking persistent swelling, it is worth paying attention to whether your circulation is working smoothly and supporting your vascular health.
