From the perspective of modern medicine, having 'deficient blood' as described in the Donguibogam primarily refers to anemia. Anemia is a condition where the number of erythrocytes in the blood or the concentration of a protein called hemoglobin within erythrocytes falls below the normal range. Hemoglobin plays a critical role in receiving oxygen from the lungs and transporting it to cells and tissues throughout the body. When this hemoglobin level drops, oxygen delivery across the body is impaired, giving rise to various symptoms.
The most common form is iron deficiency anemia. Our body strictly requires iron to produce hemoglobin. However, anemia develops when iron intake through meals is insufficient, or when iron loss increases due to heavy menstruation or gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. Extra care is also needed during pregnancy or lactation, as iron requirements increase significantly.
When oxygen supply is disrupted, our body loses power, much like a car running low on fuel.
First, extreme fatigue is the most representative symptom. Oxygen is essential for cells to produce energy, so when oxygen is deficient, it is natural to feel drained and limp. Dyspnea, where one feels out of breath even after walking a short distance, is also a reaction that occurs as the heart beats faster and harder to deliver the deficient oxygen.
Second, decreased oxygen to the brain can cause dizziness or headache, and in severe cases, it can even lead to syncope. Pale skin and cold hands and feet are also signs that blood circulation is not smooth.
Third, a weakened voice is not simply due to lacking energy. Vocalization requires delicate control of the vocal cord muscle and the power of the respiratory muscle; oxygen deficiency leads to hypofunction of these muscles and an overall energy deficit, which can leave the voice powerless, deeper in pitch, or easily fatigued.
If anemia persists long-term, immunity weakens, increasing susceptibility to infection, and impaired concentration can lower academic or work performance. It can also place strain on the heart, potentially causing serious complications such as heart failure. Therefore, if these symptoms recur over a long period, it is important not to take them lightly and to visit a hospital for an accurate diagnosis and treatment. Through a blood test, you should identify the cause of the anemia and begin tailored treatment, such as taking iron supplements or improving your diet when necessary.
